A permissioned blockchain records transactions on multiple computers, but only approved people or organizations can read, write, or validate those records. The system often uses access controls and identity checks, so everyone knows who is involved. This is different from public blockchains, where anyone can join and view transactions.
Network operators make the rules about who can join and what each person can do. Some systems use certificates, membership lists, or digital identity tools to verify each user’s role. Since everyone is identified, permissioned blockchains can control what data each participant can see.
Reaching agreement in permissioned systems is usually faster and uses less energy than in open blockchains, since there are fewer and known validators. These networks often use simpler methods or voting among approved members. Governance is different too: the group running the network manages rules, upgrades, and disputes, instead of a large anonymous group.
Organizations use permissioned blockchains when they need to share records but also want privacy or to meet regulations. They are often used in supply chains, banking, trade finance, identity services, and sharing data between companies. These situations usually involve sensitive information that should stay private.
Since the participants are known and there are fewer validators, permissioned blockchains usually process transactions faster and use less energy than public blockchains. They allow users to control who can see certain data, which helps with legal or business privacy. The controlled setup also makes it easier to fix problems and update the system.
Limiting who can join makes the system less open and changes how trust works. Instead of trusting a large, anonymous group, users have to trust the organization or group in charge. This can create a single point of control, which some people may not like. Permissioned blockchains are also usually less transparent to the public.
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